{"id":1588,"date":"2010-01-26T13:13:54","date_gmt":"2010-01-26T21:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fogcityjournal.com\/wordpress\/2010\/01\/26\/the-downside-of-a-constitutional-convention\/"},"modified":"2017-05-28T15:35:46","modified_gmt":"2017-05-28T23:35:46","slug":"the-downside-of-a-constitutional-convention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fogcityjournal.com\/wordpress\/1588\/the-downside-of-a-constitutional-convention\/","title":{"rendered":"The Downside of a Constitutional Convention"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>By <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fogcityjournal.com\/wordpress\/author\/rstone\/\">Ralph E. Stone<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>January 26, 2010<\/p>\n<p>As we all have no doubt read or heard, the Supreme Court in <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Citizens_United_v._Federal_Election_Commission\"><em>Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission<\/em><\/a> invalidated the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bipartisan_Campaign_Reform_Act\">Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act<\/a> (2 U.S.C. \u00c2\u00a7441b),\u00c2\u00a0ruling, among other things, that the &#8220;government may not suppress political speech on the basis of the speaker&#8217;s corporate identity.&#8221;\u00c2\u00a0 According to the Supreme Court, its ruling is a logical extension of a long line of decisions affording First Amendment rights to corporations, but is clearly a set back for campaign finance law.<\/p>\n<p>Too many Americans seem unaware that corporate personhood has been around since 1886. \u00c2\u00a0It follows then that if a corporation is a person under the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution\">Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution<\/a>, it has First Amendment rights. \u00c2\u00a0The first reaction of many critics of this decision is to shout, &#8220;Change the Constitution.&#8221; \u00c2\u00a0(See for example, &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.movetoamend.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">www.MoveToAmend.org<\/a>&gt; \u00c2\u00a0Be careful what you wish for.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--> Changing the U.S. Constitution is not easy.\u00c2\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Article_Five_of_the_United_States_Constitution\">Article V of the U.S. Constitution<\/a> sets forth the process for changing the Constitution: \u00c2\u00a0<em>&#8220;The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>According to Article V, there are only two ways that amendments can be proposed to the Constitution: (1) by a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress; or (2) on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, Congress shall call a convention for proposing Amendments (commonly referred to as a &#8220;constitutional convention&#8221;). The second method has never been used. After amendments are proposed by either method, they then must be ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures, or by three-fourths of special state conventions. According to Article V, Congress decides which ratification process will be used.<\/p>\n<p>If such a convention is called, the danger is that there would be no way of controlling what it might or might not do &#8211; from changing or eliminating specific amendments already in the Constitution to drafting an entirely new constitution. \u00c2\u00a0A convention could become a &#8220;runaway convention&#8221; in much the same way that the Constitutional Convention that produced our current U.S. Constitution was a runaway convention that disregarded the guidelines under which it was convened.<\/p>\n<p>The danger of calling for a constitutional convention was succinctly stated in 1988 by\u00c2\u00a0Warren Burger, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:\u00c2\u00a0<em>\u00c2\u00a0&#8220;I have also repeatedly given my opinion that there is no effective way to limit or muzzle the actions of a Constitutional Convention. The Convention could make its own rules and set its own agenda. Congress might try to limit the Convention to one amendment or to one issue, but there is no way to assure that the Convention would obey. After a Convention is convened, it will be too late to stop the Convention if we don&#8217;t like its agenda. The meeting in 1787 ignored the limit placed by the Confederation Congress &#8220;for the sole and express purpose.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>At first blush, amending the Constitution seems appealing. \u00c2\u00a0However, when fully informed about the downsides of a constitutional convention, most Americans and state legislators &#8212; be they liberal or conservative &#8212; \u00c2\u00a0would oppose the convening of a new constitutional convention. \u00c2\u00a0If there is a solution, it is demanding adherence to the U.S. Constitution by\u00c2\u00a0the three branches of the federal government, which, of course, is easier said than done.<\/p>\n<p>Change the U.S. Constitution? \u00c2\u00a0It is not going to happen and shouldn&#8217;t happen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Ralph E. Stone January 26, 2010 As we all have no doubt read or heard, the Supreme Court in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission invalidated the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (2 U.S.C. \u00c2\u00a7441b),\u00c2\u00a0ruling,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1230,"featured_media":1587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[222,19,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-opinion","category-politics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Downside of a Constitutional Convention - Fog City Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fogcityjournal.com\/wordpress\/1588\/the-downside-of-a-constitutional-convention\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Downside of a Constitutional Convention - Fog City Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Ralph E. 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